Figurative language – a way of using words to
create a special effect or meaning and it is
language that contains figures of speech
Figures of speech – various types of figurative language
(similes, metaphor, personification…)
Literal meaning – meaning exactly what the words say
Imagery – creating pictures in the mind of the reader
Sensory details – using
descriptions that appeal to the senses (sight, sound taste, touch,
smell) using figurative language
Simile – a comparison of
unlike things using like, as, or than.
Ex. He
stood like a statue. She was as beautiful as a dozen roses.
Metaphor – a comparison of
unlike things without using like, as, or than
Ex. The
man’s face was a jigsaw puzzle. Bobby is a turkey.
Personification – describing an
animal, object, or idea as if it were a
person.
Ex. The
rock stubbornly refused to move. The car died in the middle of the street.
Hyperbole – an unbelievable
exaggeration.
Ex. I
did 10 hours of homework last night. I am so hungry I could eat 1000
cheeseburgers.
Onomatopoeia – use of a word whose
sound suggests its meaning.
Ex.
buzz, pow, bang, zip, hum, zoom
Alliteration – the repetition of initial
consonant sounds
Ex.
Fun Freddy fed the fish. Seashells struck the shore.
Pun – play on words
Ex. The butcher backed up into the meat grinder and got a
little behind in his work.
Oxymoron – opposites /
contradictory terms
Ex. A
deafening silence small crowd Found missing pretty ugly
Idiom – a group of words whose
meaning is different from the meaning
of the individual words
Ex. She
was over the moon It was a piece
of cake.
It’s raining cats and dogs Does the cat have your tongue?
IRONY
- is all about opposites: opposite meanings, opposite results and opposite
expectations.
Dramatic irony – when the reader or audience understands
more about the events of a story than a character.
Situational irony – when what actually happens is the
opposite of what is expected or appropriate.
Verbal irony – A character says one thing but really means the opposite.
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